Udvidet førnutid

Udvidet førnutid (present perfect continuous) bruges til at henvise til en ubestemt tid mellem 'før nu' og 'nu'. Taleren tænker på noget, der er startet men måske ikke afsluttet i den pågældende tidsperiode. Han/hun er interesseret i både processen og resultatet,, og denne proces er måske stadig i gang eller er lige afsluttet.

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Handlinger som startet i fortiden og fortsætter i nutiden

She has been waiting for you all day (= og hun venter stadig).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= og jeg er stadig ikke færdig).
They have been travelling since last October (= og de er endnu ikke hjemme).

Handlinger som netop er afsluttet, men vi er interesserede i resultaterne

She has been cooking since last night (= og maden på bordet ser lækker ud).
It's been raining (= og vejene er stadig våde).
Someone's been eating my chips (= og halvdelen af dem er væk).

Dannelse af udvidet førnutid

Udvidet førnutid dannes af to elementer: førnutid af udsagnsordet 'to be' (have/has been) og hovedudsagnsordet i lang tillægsform (stammen+ing)

Grundled	has/have been	stammen+ing
She	has been	swimming

Bekræftende: She has been / She's been running.
Negativ: She hasn't been running.
Spørgende : Has she been running?
Spørgende negativ: Hasn't she been running?

Eksempel: udvidet førnutid, TO LIVE

Bekræftende	Negativ	Spørgende
I have been living	I haven't been living	Have I been living?
You have been living	You haven't been living	Have you been living?
He, she, it has been living	He hasn't been living	Has she been living?
We have been living	We haven't been living	Have we been living?
You have been living	You haven't been living	Have you been living?
They have been living	They haven't been living	Have they been living?

Udsagnsord uden udvidede (continuous) former

Nogle udsagnsord bruges normalt ikke udvidede form, brug almindelig førnutid i stedet for (udsagnsord som: know, hate, hear, understand, want).
I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.

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