Førdatid

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Førdatid funktioner

Førdatid (past perfect) henviser til en tid tidligere end før nu. Den bruges til at tydeliggøre, at en hændelse er foregået før en anden i fortiden. Det er ligemeget hvilken hændelse, der nævnes først - det vil fremgå at tiderne, hvilken der foregik først.

I disse eksempler er Hændelse A foregået først og Hændelse B den anden eller nyere hændelse:

Hændelse A Hændelse B
John had gone out when I arrived in the office.
Hændelse A Hændelse B
I had saved my document before the computer crashed.
Hændelse B Hændelse A
When they arrived we had already started cooking.
Hændelse B Hændelse A
He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.

Dannelse af førdatid

Førdatid på engelsk består af to elementer: en datidsform af udsagnsordet to have (had) + kort tillægsform af hovedudsagnsordet.

Grundled had kort tillægsform
Bekræftende
She had given
Nægtende
She hadn't asked.
Spørgende
Had they arrived?
Spørgende nægtende
Hadn't you finished?
To decide, førdatid
Bekræftende Nægtende Spørgende
I had decided I hadn't decided Had I decided?
You had decided You hadn't decided Had you decided?
She had decided She hadn't decided Had she decided?
We had decided We hadn't decided Had we decided?
They had decided They hadn't decided Had they decided?

Førdatid + just

'Just' bruges sammen med førdatid til at henvise til en hændelse, der kun er foregået et kort stykke tid før 'før nu', fx.

  • The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
  • She had just left the room when the police arrived.
  • I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.
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