Demonstrativer

Demonstratives show where an object, event, or person is in relation to the speaker. They can refer to a physical or a psychological closeness or distance. When talking about events, the near demonstratives are often used to refer to the present while the far demonstratives often refer to the past.

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Demonstrativer viser, hvor en genstand, begivenhed eller en person er i forhold til taleren. De kan henvise til fysisk eller psykologisk nærhed eller afstand. Når man taler om begivenheder, bruges de demonstrativer, der udtrykker nærhed, ofte til at henvise til nutiden, mens de demonstrativer, der udtrykker afstand, ofte bruges til at henvise til datiden.

  Tæt på taleren Langt væk fra taleren
Biord Here There
Demonstrativ med navneord i ental
& utællelige navneord
This That
Demonstrativ med
tællelige navneord i flertal
These Those

Brugen af demonstrativer

Eksempler
Tæt på taleren Langt væk fra taleren
Is this John's house? Is that John's house over there?
This is a nice surprise! That must have been a nice surprise for you.
These apples are mine. Those apples are yours.
What are you up to these days? Those days are long gone.
This time I won't be late. We really surprised you that time.
This sugar is for my crepes. You can use that sugar for your cake.

Placering i sætningen

Demonstrativer kan stå før navneordet eller det tillægsord, som modificerer navneordet.

Eksempler
  • This blue car needs to be washed next.
  • Those people were here first.
  • That metal rod should work.
  • These oranges are delicious.

Demonstrativer kan også stå foran et tal, som står alene, når navneordet er underforstået ud fra konteksten.

Eksempler
  • I'd like to try on that one.
  • This one is broken.
  • I'll take these three.
  • Those two are not as pretty as these two.

Demonstrativer kan bruges selvstændigt, når det navneord, som de modificerer, er underforstået ud fra konteksten.

Eksempler
  • I'll never forget this.
  • That has nothing to do with me.
  • I didn't ask for these.
  • Those aren't mine.

 

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